Tempo / Threshold Sessions

Tempo and threshold training challenge the body’s ability to sustain high workloads and clear lactate efficiently. Recovery must evolve with training intensity and purpose.  In the Base phase, it supports developing tolerance to controlled stress.  Through Build, recovery balances adaptation with endocrine stability.  As you reach Peak, recovery shifts towards precision, ensuring you retain sharpness and avoid over-reach.  In Transition, it aids restoration before the next block.  This protocol aligns nutrition, sleep, and active recovery to maintain performance and adaptation.

Athlete Guide

  • Objective: Support aerobic–anaerobic transition adaptations without excessive fatigue.
    0–2 hr post-session:

    • Rehydrate, with electrolytes as required.

    • Eat within 45 min: 1.0–1.2 g/kg carbohydrate + 0.3 g/kg protein.

    • Short cooldown walk/jog and 5–10 min light mobility.

    2–24 hr:

    • Balanced meals every 3–4 hr; include iron-rich foods (e.g. leafy greens, fish).

    • Gentle mobility or yoga; prioritise 7–9 h sleep.

  • Objective: Enhance lactate threshold and fatigue resistance while preserving endocrine balance.
    0–2 hr:

    • Prioritise recovery nutrition as above; avoid aggressive cooling.

    • Short foam rolling or stretching (5–10 min).

    2–24 hr:

    • Consume protein (0.25–0.3 g/kg) every 3–4 hr.

    • Evening meal: complex carbs + lean protein + vegetables.

    • 10 min guided breathing or reflection before bed.

  • Objective: Maximise performance readiness, fine-tune lactate clearance, and reduce accumulated fatigue.
    0–2 hr:

    • Refuel with easy-to-digest carbs and protein (e.g. rice + fish).

    • Gentle cooldown and diaphragmatic breathing.

    2–24 hr:

    • Prioritise relaxation and early sleep onset; no late caffeine.

    • Avoid unnecessary supplements or extreme recovery methods.

  • Objective: Restore metabolic balance and mental freshness.
    0–2 hr:

    • Normal post-session meal; no structured recovery needed.

    2–24 hr:

    • Gentle stretching, nature exposure, social time.

    • Reflect on season progress and goals.

    24–72 hr:

    • Prioritise restorative activities; sleep, massage, yoga.

    • Avoid metrics; focus on enjoyment.

Coach Guide

  • Tempo work initiates mitochondrial density and lactate transport adaptations (Brooks, 2020). Recovery should prioritise glycogen resynthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis without dampening oxidative stress signalling (Bartlett et al., 2012). Moderate post-exercise carbohydrate intake (1–1.2 g/kg) supports adaptation and readiness without full glycogen supercompensation.
    Coaching cue: Reinforce that recovery is an extension of training, aim for consistent fuelling rather than perfection.

  • High threshold workloads elevate sympathetic drive, cortisol, and transient muscle microtrauma. Immediate recovery should aim to restore parasympathetic balance (Stanley et al., 2013). Avoid cold-water immersion or NSAIDs that could inhibit mitochondrial and capillary adaptations (Roberts et al., 2015). Encourage distributed protein intake to support muscle remodelling (Phillips & Van Loon, 2011).
    Coaching cue: Educate athletes to manage life stress; poor sleep or under-fuelling undermines threshold progress more than missed sessions.

  • Near competition, the goal shifts from adaptation to readiness and glycogen restoration. Emphasise recovery consistency, minimising external stressors, and avoiding novel interventions that risk hormonal disruption (Halson, 2014).
    Coaching cue: Frame recovery as a performance routine; timing, nutrition, and relaxation form part of taper precision.

  • Following sustained threshold training, glycogen stores, endocrine balance, and autonomic tone require restoration. Unstructured movement aids neuromuscular reset and psychological detachment (Meeusen et al., 2013).
    Coaching cue: Guide athletes through reflective debrief; what worked, what to change before the next cycle.

Key References

  • Bartlett, J. D., et al. (2012). High-intensity exercise and mitochondrial biogenesis. Journal of Applied Physiology, 112(5), 1132–1141.

  • Brooks, G. A. (2020). Lactate as a fulcrum of metabolism. Cell Metabolism, 31(2), 238–255.

  • Halson, S. L. (2014). Monitoring training load to understand fatigue. Sports Medicine, 44(S2), 139–147.

  • Meeusen, R., et al. (2013). Overtraining syndrome: Prevention and diagnosis. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 23(6), 512–526.

  • Phillips, S. M., & Van Loon, L. J. C. (2011). Dietary protein for athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(S1), S29–S38.

  • Roberts, L. A., et al. (2015). Post-exercise cold-water immersion and adaptation. Journal of Physiology, 593(18), 4285–4301.

  • Stanley, J., et al. (2013). Recovery from exercise: Active versus passive modalities. Sports Medicine, 43(9), 733–749.

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High-Intensity and V02max sessions